Incandescent oil-lamp



F. A. BAYNES.

INCANDESCENT OIL LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23,1913.

Patented Aug. 22, 1916.

3 SHEETSSHEET I INVENTOR WITNESSES I A &/

F. A. BAYNES.

INCANDESCENT OIL LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23' I913.

Patented Aug. 22, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- WITNESSES F. A. BAYNES.

INCANDESCENT OIL LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23. 1913.

Patented Aug. 22, 1916.

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INCANDESCENT OIL-LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented A11 22, 1916.

Application filed June 23, 1913. Serial No. 775,254.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be 1t known that I, FREDERICK A. BAYNES,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Gloucester City, Camden county, State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Incandescent Oil-Lamps, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation showing my improved form of. incandescent mantle oil lamp; Fig. 2 islan enlarged vertical section showing the dome, spreader and gauze details; Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the gauze and carrier; Fig. 4: is a perspective view of the clamping ring for the dome with a portion of the support and clamp lock; Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the spur band for the wick, together with the wick lifter; Fig. 6 is a detail View showing one form of locking device for the wick band; Fig. 7 is a partial sectional view of the wick; Fig. 8 is a side elevation showing another form of lifter device; Fig. 9 is a front elevation showing the form of Fig. 8, looking at right angles to said figure; and Fig. 10 is a side elevation showing a different form of lifter and supports.

My invention relates to the class of oilburning incandescent mantle lamps, and particularly to the type set forth in my Patent No. 871,100, dated November 19, 1907, and my pending application, Serial No. 628,891, filed September Qt, 1908.

. The object of the invention is to simplify, cheapen and improve this type of lamp and to provide a number of advantageous features relating to both the manufacture and operating of such lamps.

In the drawings, 2 represents an oil font which may be of any desirable size and shape having a central draft tube 3 forming the inner wick tube, which extends to the upper end of the wick 4 and is flared outwardly at its upper end portion to more thoroughly support the wick and hold it in proper shape. The major portion of the 'i'nner wick tube may thus be made of sufficiently small diameter to allow easy movement of the wick, while, at the same time, this upper end will properly support the wick, hold it to its cylindrical shape and give the proper action in vaporizing. The outer wick tube a preferably extends up to a level slightly below the upper end of the inner wick tube.

The vapor generator screen or gauze 5, which is preferably of woven wire, is carried by a one piece sheet metal ring 6, which is formed with an annular crimp in its upper portion. This crimp is formed by reversely bending the metal inwardly forming a ledge, as shown at 7, on which the edge of the gauze is seated. The upstanding flange 1s then bent down, as shown at 8, thus clamping the edge of the annular gauze firmly in place and supporting and stiffening it, and by this arrangement the shell may be made in one piece and the gauze support is at the outer edge of its exposed portion. This supporting ring or shell 6 is provided in its vertical portion below the crimp with alternately arranged spring prongs 9 cut and bent outwardly from its body portion, and also with outwardly pressed ridges 10, which center the shell when in position, while giving as little contact as possible for conduction of heat.

Similarly the horizontal step portion 11 at the lower edge of the vertical portion is provided with horizontal upwardly struck ridge portions 12, which give small area of contact when the gauze carrier is pushed up into place. Below the horizontal step portion the shell has a depending flange with a beaded lower edge 13.

The vertical ridges 10 on the supporting ring for the gauze, and the horizontal projections on the step portion 11, retain the ring spaced from the bottom of the dome and give as little contact as possible to prevent conduction of heat from the screen to the dome as far as possible and also to insure that such conduction as does occur will be uniform. Heretofore in lamp work of this character it has been practically impossible to assemble telescopically and easily detachable parts without having a connection which is alternately tight and loose around the circumference of the connection. A construction of this type would not only give excess radiation from the gauze to the jso less

firmly clamped between the two walls of a binding ring 14. The upper edge of the inner wall of this binding ring preferably projects slightly above the gauze and the gauze is preferably made to slightly convex upwardly or is slightly higher in its central portion than in its outer portions. By the vertical and horizontal ridges on this binding shell, I centralize the shell and make it level with the bottom of the dome when pushed into place and frictionally held, with a small amount of contact for conduction of heat.

The spring prongs of the gauze shall engage the depending flange 15 of the dome bottom 16. This bottom 16 of the dome is preferably of sheet metal and secured to the edge of the dome 17 by a beaded seam shown at 18, thus giving a light, cheap and eflicient structure.

The spreader 19 is of general conical form, the inner and outer surfaces thereof extending upwardly and inwardly from the edge thereof, and is secured to the dome bottom by posts 20; and to avoid beveling the up per portions of these posts, I preferably strike up a horizontal annular seat portion 21 to receive the horizontal upper shoulders on the pins or posts. These posts are formed with reduced diameter portions at each end, the upper shoulders thus formed resting against the seats in the spreader while the lower reduced portions project through suitable holes in the dome bottom. The posts may be secured by clamping, soldering or in any other manner. The seats forthe posts may either form a complete annular seat or may be formed by spot seating portions made at the points which receive the posts. I prefer the annular form of seat, however, as this also serves to stiffen the spreader, keep it in perfect shape and stop warping. By these seats the posts may be formed the same shape at both ends, thus making them easier to form and assemble.

In order to carry the dome and attached parts, I preferably form a dome support of band iron, as shown in Fig. 4. A strip of band iron may be bent into circular form, as shown at 22, withthe ends bent out into clamping portions 23, held togetherby a screw-bolt 24 or any other suitable clamping means. At the side opposite from these ends, the band iron is formed with an inte gral projection portion having an integral sleeve 25 which is preferably bushed with brass and slides on the supporting rod or standard 26. This circular band is formed with inwardly projecting nibs or prongs 27 which are preferably arranged in pairs at intervals around the ring, the nibs of each pair being spaced apart a suflicient distance to receive the beaded edge portion 18 of the dome. 7

By using a sheet metal bottom on the dome with this wrought iron band support, 7

the structure is cheapened and made lighter than with the cast construction heretofore used, and as the bottom is of sheet metal, it is much less liable to condense the vapor thereon than in the old construction. The loop portion 25 of the dome support slides along the supporting post and may be clamped in the adjusted position by the spring clutch device 28. I also provide a support 29, extending from the gallery 30 of the lamp over to and around the supporting rod so thatthere are two separate supports, giving a better hearing.

In the form of Figs. 1 and '7 the loop portion 25 of the dome support is provided with an extended guide 31 of fork shape, which slides over an additional rod 32, to guide the movement and keep it in line. In this way, the dome is adjusted in the lighting position by sight, the lower end of the prong 33 being in line with the top of the sleeve 34 when at the proper lighting level.

In Figs. 8 and 9, I show the band as se cured to an angular post 35, which slides in a square socket 36, the post extending down into the font and being provided with a rack 37, engaged by a pinion 38 on a shaft carrying handle 39. The dome is supported at its operating level by a projection 40 from the band, which contacts with an adjustable screw 41 on the socket. A short pin 42, projecting from the font, normally contacts with the handle when the parts are in the temporary position for lighting, after which the handle may be sprung past this post, allowing the projection 40 to drop on to the set screw 41, which fixes the burning level.

In Fig. 10, I show a form similar to that of Fig. 1, except that the guide 31 is placed on the opposite side of the dome from that of the loop, and engages a supporting post 43 on the opposite side.

In addition to the above improvements, I have also greatly improved the wick and lifter portions of the lamp. It is important in these kerosene vapor lamps that the wick be kept in approximately true shape'and in good condition. It is also desirable to provide for easy handling and insertion of the wicks for replacing. To obtain these results, I now provide a spur band shown at 44 in Fig. 5, which is formed up from a strip of thin sheet metal band wound into circular form with its ends secured by any suitable lock, such as that shown at 45 in Fig. 6. This band is provided with spurs 46 which enter the wick fabric and hold the band securely in place thereon. The prongs may be bent into engagement with the wick, and at one side the band has adepending portion 47, which is cletachably engaged by the vertical arm 48 of the wick lifter 49. This arm 48 is shown as sliding through a socket portion 50 and having notched upper portions engaged by prongs 51, though any suitable form of detachable connection may be used. I propose to assemble the wick with its spur band at the factory and sell the Wick provided with this band in a suitable box or package. Furthermore, to prevent crimping and mis-- shaping of the upper part of the Wick in use, I have discovered that I can greatly assist its action in vaporizing and keep it in good condition where it is pushed against the gauze by lining the upper portion with stiflening material. In practice, I have used a stiffener consisting of an inner tube 52 of gummed paper which is held to the inner surface of the wick by the cement or paste, though it may be stiffened by a stiffening layer of paste, glue or other stiflening material alone; or I may use vertical strips of paper or stiffening material. This stiffening material burns off as the wick chars and gives more regular action of the wick, keeps the gauze cleaner and makes the light more certain and regular. The stiffening also increases the capillary action of the wick by keeping its strands in the same position and the wick in cylindrical shape. This capillary action is also assisted by leaving the wick comparatively free through the major portion of its length and pinching it outwardly by the flaring of the upper part of the inner wick tube in its top portion. The outer wick tube is preferably a cylinder for about three-eighths to one-half inch in its upper portion and is then enlarged sufficiently to receive the spur band of the wick to which the lifter connects.

The advantages of my invention result from the features above disclosed. The lamp is made simpler, easier to manufacture and more eflicient in its action. The full capillary action of the Wick is obtained While at the same time it is held in shape at its upper end by the expanding of the inner wick tube. Condensation of vapor at the bottom of the dome is largely avoided and the heat conduction from the gauze carrier to the dome is greatly reduced, while at the same time, the dome is centralized and made level by the ridge portions. The gauze opcrates better than formerly on account of the central hole, the down turned binding and the protecting of the upper edge of the binding, which is slightly above the arched gauze. The gauze carrier is simple and efficient, being in one piece; the spreader securing means is simplified and bettered; and the wick action is greatly improved, while the replacement of the Wicks is made easier. The stiffening of the Wick is an important feature of my invention, as it greatly aids in giving regularity of flame and therefore of light, while improving the capillary action of the wick and preventing crumpling of the wick.

I claim:

1. A burner, comprising inner and outer wick tubes adapted to receive a wick between them, and a generator screen arranged over the tubes, the inner wick tube being enlarged at its upper end and arranged to expand the wick, the upper end of the outer wick tube being spaced a suflicient distance to avoid compressing the wick between the enlarged upper end of the inner wick tube and the outer wick tube; substantially as described.

2. A burner, comprising inner and outer wick tubes adapted to receive a wick between them, the space between said tubes being greater than the thickness of the wick to provide space between the wick and the tubes, a generator screen arranged over the tubes, the inner wick tube being enlarged at its outer end portion to expand the upper end of the wick and prevent the wick from hugging the inner tube below the enlarged portion, and the outer wick tube terminating at a lower level than the inner wick tube.

3. In a vapor generator burner, a dome extending above the wick and having a bottom with a hole to receive a screen support, a screen support mounted in said hole, a screen connected to said support, and devices for spacing the screen support from the dome to prevent conduction of heat from the screen support to the dome and thereby maintain a uniform temperature of the screen; substantially as described.

d. In a vapor generator, a dome having a bottom with a central hole, an annular flange on said bottom, a removable generator screen holder within said hole, a generator screen secured to said holder, said holder having a horizontal step portion, vertical ribs on said holder above the step portion engaging the annular ring on the dome,

and horizontal projections on the step portion for engaging the bottom of the flange on the dome, said projections being arranged to prevent the body of the holder from engaging the dome and thereby avoid the con duction of heat from the generator screen to the dome to maintain a uniform temperature of the screen; substantially as described.

5. In a vapor generator burner, a dome having a bottom with a hole, an annular flange on said bottom, a generator screen carrier removably secured in the hole, and vertical and horizontal ridges to centralize the annular flange and to level the screen holder with a small amount of contact between it and the flange to prevent conduction of heat from the screen holder to the dome and thereby maintain a uniform temperature of the screen, and frictional spring devices on the screen holder to retain it in position in the dome.

(5. In a vapor generating burner, a generator screen having a central hole bound With sheet metal, the upper edge of the binding extending slightly above the gauze.

7. In a vapor generating burner, a con vex generator screen provided with a central hole bound with sheet metal.

8. A vapor generating screen having its edge portions extending downwardly and held in the upper crimped portion of a Vertically extending sheet metal band.

9. A vapor generating screen having its outenedge portion supported by an annular metalband, said screen having a central hole bound with a metal bushing.

10. A vapor generator comprising a onepiece vertically extending sheet metal screen carrier having three annular flanges folded upon each other, and a generator screen clamped between the two upper flanges.

11. In a vapor generating burner of the type described, a spreader having internal struck up seat portions shaped to receive supporting posts and to stiffen the spreader.

12. In a vapor generating burner of the type described, a dome having a bottom with an opening therethrough, a spreader having an annular recessed portion struck up therein, and a plurality of supporting posts connected to the spreader and the bottom of the dome, said supporting posts being seated in the annular recess in the spreader, substantially as described.

13. In a vapor burner, a dome having a sheet metal bottom, metal dome supporting member clamped about the lower part of the dome.

ll. In a vapor generator of the type described, a sheet metal dome having a bottom secured thereto, and a dome supporting device having a clamping engagement with the wall thereof, substantially as described.

15. In a vapor generator burner, inner and outer wick tubes, the outer tube being enlarged in the lower portion thereof, in combination with a wick Whose internal diameter is slightly greater than the external diameter of the inner tube below the flared portion to provide an air space between the Wick and the inner tube, in combination with a wick having a surrounding metal band, said metal band being movable in the enlarged portion of the outer wick tube; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

FREDERICK A. BA-YNES.

Witnesses:

J. H. JoHNsoN, EDGAR LENTON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents Washington, D. G.

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